The Hanzijo Blog

Practical, science-backed guides to learning Chinese - characters, tones, pinyin, HSK and vocabulary.

Vocabulary

The 60 Chinese Signs You Meet Every Single Day

Doors, toilets, shop status, warnings, tills and ticket gates — the closed set of characters that runs public space in China, including the discount rule that catches out every visitor (打八折 is 20% off, not 80%).

12 min read
Vocabulary

How to Read a Chinese Menu

Dish names are assembled, not invented: cooking method + flavour + ingredient. Twelve method characters, eight flavours, twenty ingredients — and ten famous dishes taken apart, including why 鱼香 contains no fish.

12 min read
Speaking

吧, 呢, 啊, 嘛: The Little Words That Make You Sound Human

Chinese carries tone of voice in one syllable at the end of the sentence. What each particle really signals, why 吗 and 嘛 are opposites, when 啊 becomes 呀 or 哇, and why a lone 哦 reads cold in a text.

11 min read
Speaking

The Chinese Words That Carry Feeling, Not Meaning

其实, 反正, 居然, 难道, 到底, 干脆, 明明, 毕竟, 反而, 顺便, 万一, 好歹. Delete them and the sentence still translates the same way — and sounds like it came from a manual.

11 min read
Hanzi

You Already Know 40 Chinese Characters

Kung fu is 功夫, skill built through effort. Feng shui is 风水, wind and water. Thirty English words that are Chinese compounds, the twelve characters inside them, and the fifty everyday words those characters unlock.

11 min read
Free tool

Free Pinyin Trainer: Tone Marks, Spelling Rules & Tone Changes

Where the tone mark actually goes (jiù not jìu), the spellings that hide a vowel (iu is really iou), and the tone changes the writing never shows. Three quiz modes plus the full pinyin chart.

5 minutes
Vocabulary

20 Chinese Idioms (成语) and the Stories Behind Them

塞翁失马, 画蛇添足, 破釜沉舟 - every chengyu compresses a story into four characters. Here are twenty with their origins, real usage, and the register traps.

13 min read
Characters

20 Most Beautiful Chinese Characters and Their Deep Meanings

囍 double happiness, 森 a forest built from three trees, 澈 water clear to the bottom - twenty characters with real etymology, the traditional forms that kept their meaning, and what to check before you tattoo one.

11 min read
HSK

HSK Vocabulary Lists: How Many Words at Every Level

500 words at HSK 1, 3,245 by HSK 4, 11,092 across HSK 7-9 - the current HSK 3.0 counts alongside the older HSK 2.0 numbers most lists online still use, with realistic timelines.

9 min read
Basics

How to Type Chinese on iPhone, Android, Mac and Windows

Setup on all four platforms, the v-for-ü trick, initials-only shortcuts like bjdx for 北京大学, and three ways to look up a character you cannot pronounce.

8 min read
Characters

Chinese Radicals: The 12 That Unlock Hundreds of Characters

Characters are not 3,000 unrelated drawings. Meaning components, sound components that let you guess a pronunciation, and which radicals changed in simplified Chinese.

9 min read
Characters

How Many Chinese Characters Do You Actually Need?

2,500 reads a newspaper, 3,000 is functional literacy covering 99% of text, and 1,000 already covers 89%. The full coverage curve, why characters are not words, and realistic timelines.

9 min read
Characters

多音字: Characters With More Than One Pronunciation

Why 行 is xíng but 银行 is yínháng. The 15 duoyinzi you meet constantly, the three kinds, and the rule that a character doing grammar loses its tone.

8 min read
Free tool

Free HSK Level Test: What HSK Level Am I?

24 questions, four per band from HSK 1 to HSK 6, covering characters, pinyin, grammar and meaning. Instant result with a per-band accuracy breakdown and an explanation after every answer.

5 minutes
Speaking

How to Say Yes and No in Chinese

Mandarin has no single word for either. You echo the verb. 是 vs 对, 好的 vs 行 vs 可以, why negative questions reverse on English speakers, and how to refuse politely.

10 min read
Grammar

Comparison in Chinese: the 比 Sentence and Its Three Traps

Why 他比我很高 is always wrong, how to say how much taller, and the difference between 不比 and 没有 that quietly reverses your meaning.

10 min read
Grammar

The Chinese 是…的 Construction, Finally Made Clear

Not a past tense. It talks about when, where and how something both speakers already know happened. The pattern, object placement, the 不是 negative, and when 是 drops.

11 min read
Grammar

The Chinese 把 (bǎ) Sentence, Made Simple

把 moves the object before the verb to say what you did to it. The pattern, the iron “needs-a-result” rule, and when it’s required - with pinyin examples.

10 min read
Grammar

Chinese 了 (le): The Two Uses That Confuse Everyone

了 isn’t past tense - it does two jobs: completed action (verb + 了) and change of situation (final 了). One model, with pinyin and the mistakes to avoid.

11 min read
Pronunciation

Chinese Tone Change Rules (Sandhi)

Why 你好 is said ní hǎo - the third-tone rule, the half-third tone, and the shifting tones of 不 and 一, with pinyin and examples.

10 min read
HSK

HSK 2 Vocabulary List: All 150 New Words

The complete level-2 list with pinyin, grouped by category - plus the grammar words that matter.

14 min read
Grammar

Chinese Question Words & the Golden Rule

什么, 谁, 哪儿 - and why Chinese questions are easier than English ones.

9 min read
Speaking

How to Order Food in Chinese

20 phrases for a whole restaurant visit - from 服务员! to 买单.

9 min read
HSK

HSK 1 Vocabulary List: All 150 Words

The complete beginner list with pinyin, grouped by category so it actually sticks.

14 min read
Method

Best Apps to Learn Chinese in 2026

Hanzijo, HelloChinese, Duolingo, Pleco and more - honestly compared by job.

11 min read
Method

How Long Does It Take to Learn Chinese?

Honest timelines by goal - conversation, HSK levels and real fluency.

10 min read
Vocabulary

Family Members in Chinese: The Complete Tree

爸爸, 妈妈 - and why Chinese needs four words for “grandma.”

9 min read
Vocabulary

Colors in Chinese: 20+ Colors with Pinyin

红色 to 深蓝色 - plus the lucky, taboo and X-rated color meanings.

8 min read
Vocabulary

How to Tell Time in Chinese

点, 分, 半 and 刻 made simple - with the 两点 trap explained.

7 min read
Speaking

How to Say Hello in Chinese: 15+ Greetings

你好 and far beyond - greetings by time of day, formality and situation, with pinyin.

9 min read
Speaking

How to Say Thank You in Chinese (谢谢)

10+ ways to say thanks - and how to reply “you’re welcome” - with pinyin and English.

8 min read
Vocabulary

Chinese Numbers 1–100 (and Beyond)

The logical counting system, big numbers, 二 vs 两, money and finger counting - with pinyin.

11 min read
Speaking

How to Say I Love You in Chinese (我爱你)

Romantic phrases, terms of endearment and the famous 520 & 1314 codes - with pinyin.

9 min read
Method

Mandarin vs Cantonese: Which Should You Learn?

Speakers, regions, tones, writing and difficulty - a clear side-by-side comparison.

10 min read
Vocabulary

Days, Months & Dates in Chinese

The easy number-based system for the week, the calendar and full dates - with pinyin.

9 min read
Method

Is Chinese Hard to Learn? The Honest Answer

What’s truly hard, what’s surprisingly easy, and why the difficulty is front-loaded in your favour.

13 min read
Speaking

60 Essential Chinese Phrases for Real Conversations

Greetings, food, shopping, directions and emergencies - the phrases you’ll actually use, with pinyin.

13 min read
Grammar

Chinese Grammar Made Simple: 12 Essential Patterns

The sentence templates - 是…的, 了, 把, 比 and more - that take you from words to fluent Chinese.

14 min read
Grammar

Chinese Measure Words (量词): The Complete Guide

The 20 measure words you need, the safe default 个, and a system to stop guessing them.

12 min read
Listening

Why You Can’t Understand Spoken Chinese (And How to Fix It)

The real reasons listening lags - tones, word boundaries, speed - and a method that works.

12 min read
Hanzi

How to Learn Chinese Characters Without Forgetting Them

The 4-layer system - radicals, mnemonics, SRS and real context - that makes hanzi permanent.

13 min read
Pronunciation

The 4 Chinese Tones: A Complete Guide

Hear them, pronounce them and stop mixing them up - tone by tone, with sandhi rules and drills.

12 min read
HSK

HSK 1 to HSK 9 Explained: The Complete Levels Guide

Words, characters, exam structure, realistic timelines and what each HSK level actually tests.

14 min read
Vocabulary

The 100 Most Common Chinese Words

Learn the highest-frequency Mandarin words first - with characters, pinyin, tones and example sentences.

13 min read
Pinyin

Pinyin Pronunciation Guide: Read Any Chinese Word

Initials, finals, aspiration, the tricky sounds (q, x, zh) and the spelling rules - pinyin demystified.

12 min read
Method

The Best Way to Learn Chinese in 2026: A Realistic Plan

The five pillars of an effective Mandarin study routine, with a month-by-month roadmap.

14 min read

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